Integrating Genomics and Phenomics in Agricultural Breeding: A Comprehensive Review
Shakshi
Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Banda University of Agriculture and Technology, Banda-210001, India.
R P Srivastava *
Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, Mandsaur University, Mandsaur-458001, India.
Sachin Yadav
Department of Agricultural Biochemistry, Banda University of Agriculture and Technology, Banda-210001, India.
Mukesh Kumar Singh
Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Tilka Manjhi Agriculture College, Godda-814133, (BAU, Ranchi), Jharkhand, India.
*Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Abstract
One of the key roles of plant breeders is to improve crop productivity through development of varieties with desirable traits to feed the growing population. The merger of genomics and phenomics - where genomics refer to the study of an organism’s entire DNA sequence and phenomonics is the full explanation of observable characteristics has given a new face to breeding strategies. This paper provides information about this technique from beginning up to now, which implicates high-throughput phenotyping, genomic selection, artificial intelligence platform for crop improvement. It seems that coronal genomics and phenotypical imaging results in transgenic or super climate-resilient plants, therefore improving yield under sustainable conditions. Despite its bright future there are certain issues like data standardization, ethical concerns, and resource restraints that need considering. Development later on gets people thinking about technical fields such as inter-disciplinary researches as well as policy supports that have ability to bring these powerful technologies into assurance of food security together with sustainable agriculture initially collaboration doesn’t need manufacturing centres of technology including genome and phenome data can help breeders achieve wrists precisions in crops development which will result in having robust agricultural systems able to overcome environmental stressors.
Keywords: Genomics, phenomics, crop breeding, high-throughput phenotyping, genome editing