Analysis of the Stability and Yield Performance of Biofortified Common Bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) Genotypes under Low Altitude Conditions
Augustin Ngombo-Nzokwani *
University of Kinshasa, Faculty of Agronomic Sciences, Laboratory of Genetics and Plant Improvement, BP 117 Kinshasa XI, Democratic Republic of Congo.
Adrien Kalonji-Mbuyi
University of Kinshasa, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, Laboratory of Phytopathology, BP 117 Kinshasa XI, Democratic Republic of Congo and Centre Régional d'Etudes Nucléaires de Kinshasa (CREN-K), Department of Genetics and Plant Improvement, BP 868 Kinshasa XI, Democratic Republic of Congo.
Pierre Nsumbu Nlandu
University of Kinshasa, Faculty of Agronomic Sciences, Laboratory of Genetics and Plant Improvement, BP 117 Kinshasa XI, Democratic Republic of Congo.
Antoine Lubobo Kanyenga
University of Lubumbashi, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, Laboratory of Genetics and Plant Improvement, BP 1825, Lubumbashi, Democratic Republic of Congo and CIAT-HarvestPlus, Representation and National Coordination, BP 1860, Bukavu, Democratic Republic of Congo.
Marcel Muengula-Manyi
University of Kinshasa, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, Laboratory of Phytopathology, BP 117 Kinshasa XI, Democratic Republic of Congo.
*Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Abstract
The supply of biofortified material to areas affected by malnutrition or micronutrient deficiency remains one of the major concerns of breeders. Nevertheless, this material must be efficient and stable. The evaluation of this performance and stability requires statistical indices. Biofortified genotypes are evaluated for the first time by these indices.
The objective of this work is to analyze the performance and stability of biofortified common bean genotypes under low altitude conditions in the Democratic Republic of Congo.
The present contribution uses the evaluation of twenty-six genotypes of biofortified common beans over six crop years using parametric (Wᵢ², σ²ᵢ, s²dᵢ, bi, CVi, θ₍ᵢ₎, θᵢ) and non-parametric (S(1), S(2), S(3), S(6), NP(1), NP(2), NP(3), NP(4), KR, AR) indices for the identification of successful and stable genotypes.
The results indicate the presence of the genotype x year interaction. Principal Component Analysis (PCA) shows similarities between the indices. Mean sum rank (AR) identifies NYIRAMUHONDO, G59/1-2, CODMLV 086, MBC 23, NABE 4, and K 131 as performing and stable genotypes.
In the end, the best genotypes are those that are both efficient and stable. However, where stability is much more desired in relation to performance, the use of ecovalence (Wi) is more appropriate in the stability calculation.
Keywords: Biofortified bean, stability, performance, low altitudes, parametric indices, genotype x environment interaction